موقع الدكتور الشيخ علاء الدين الزعتري

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 78

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 390

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 113

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 280

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 145

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 223

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 303

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 344

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 281

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 288

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 303

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 313

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 94

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 107

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 140

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1290

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/MLessons.php

Line Number: 37

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/MLessons.php

Line Number: 0

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/MLessons.php

Line Number: 98

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/MLessons.php

Line Number: 0

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessons is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 353

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 353

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 8
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MSettings is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 353

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 9
Function: model

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessons is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MSettings is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 97
Function: view

File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

مشروعية صلاة التراويح

330 مشروعية صلاة التراويح 12 9 1441 4 5 2020

الفصل السادس: سننٌ ونوافلُ خاصة

المبحث الثالث: صلاة التراويح

التعريف التراويح:

جمع ترويحة، أي ترويحة للنفس، أي استراحة، من الراحة وهي زوال المشقة والتعب، والترويحة في الأصل اسم للجلسة مطلقة، وسميت الجلسة التي بعد أربع ركعات في ليالي رمضان بالترويحة للاستراحة، ثم سميت كل أربع ركعات ترويحة مجازاً، وسميت هذه الصلاة بالتراويح؛ لأنهم كانوا يطيلون القيام فيها، ويجلسون بعد كل أربع ركعات للاستراحة^{(^[1])}.

وصلاة التراويح: هي قيام شهر رمضان، مثنى مثنى^{(^[2])}.

مطلب: الحكم التكليفي:

اتفق الفقهاء على سنية صلاة التراويح، وهي عند الحنفية والحنابلة وبعض المالكية سنة مؤكدة، وهي سنة للرجال والنساء، وهي من أعلام الدين الظاهرة^{(^[3])}.

وقد سن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلاة التراويح ورغب فيها، فقال صلى الله عليه وسلم: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ صِيَامَ رَمَضَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَسَنَنْتُ لَكُمْ قِيَامَهُ..."^{(^[4])}.

وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يرغب في قيام رمضان من غير أن يأمرهم فيه بعزيمة^{(^[5])}، فيقول: "مَنْ قَامَ رَمَضَانَ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ"^{(^[6])}.

وقد صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بأصحابه صلاة التراويح في بعض الليالي، ولم يواظب عليها، وبيَّن العذر في ترك المواظبة وهو خشية أن تكتب، فيعجزوا عنها^{(^[7])}.

فعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى في المسجد، فصلى بصلاته ناس، ثم صلى من القابلة فكثر الناس، ثم اجتمعوا من الثالثة فلم يخرج إليهم، فلما أصبح قال: "قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الَّذِي صَنَعْتُمْ، فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي مِنَ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَيْكُمْ إِلاَّ أَنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ تُفْرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ"، وذلك في رمضان، زاد البخاري فيه: فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَالْأَمْرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ^{(^[8])}.

وفي تعيين الليالي التي قامها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بأصحابه، روى أبو ذر رضي الله عنه قال: صمنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رمضان فلم يقم بنا شيئاً من الشهر حتى بقي سبع، فقام بنا حتى ذهب ثلث الليل، فلما كانت السادسة لم يقم بنا، فلما كانت الخامسة قام بنا حتى ذهب شطر الليل، فقلت: يا رسول الله لو نفلتنا قيام هذه الليلة؟ قال: فقال: "إِنَّ الرَّجُل إِذَا صَلَّى مَعَ الإِمَامِ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ حُسِبَ لَهُ قِيَامُ لَيْلَةٍ"، قال: فلما كانت الرابعة لم يقم، فلما كانت الثالثة جمع أهله ونساءه والناس، فقام بنا حتى خشينا أن يفوتنا الفلاح قال: قلت: وما الفلاح؟ قال: السحور، ثم لم يقم بنا بقية الشهر^{(^[9])}.

وعن النعمان بن بشير رضي الله عنهما قال: قمنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في شهر رمضان ليلة ثلاث وعشرين إلى ثلث الليل الأول، ثم قمنا معه ليلة خمس وعشرين إلى نصف الليل، ثم قمنا معه ليلة سبع وعشرين حتى ظننا أن لا ندرك الفلاح، وكانوا يسمونه السحور^{(^[10])}.

وقد واظب الخلفاء الراشدون والمسلمون من زمن عمر رضي الله عنه على صلاة التراويح جماعة، وكان عمر رضي الله عنه هو الذي جمع الناس فيها على إمام واحد.

عن عبد الرحمن بن عبد القاري، قال: خرجت مع عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه ليلة في رمضان إلى المسجد، فإذا الناس أوزاع متفرقون، يصلي الرجل لنفسه، ويصلي الرجل فيصلي بصلاته الرهط، فقال عمر: إني أرى لو جمعت هؤلاء على قارئ واحد لكان أمثل، ثم عزم، فجمعهم على أبي بن كعب، ثم خرجت معه ليلة أخرى والناس يصلون بصلاة قارئهم، فقال: نعمت البدعة هذه، والتي ينامون عنها أفضل من التي يقومون. يريد آخر الليل، وكان الناس يقومون أوله^{(^[11])}.

وروى أسد بن عمرو عن أبي يوسف قال: سألت أبا حنيفة عن التراويح، وما فعله عمر، فقال: التراويح سنة مؤكدة، ولم يتخرص^{(^[12])} عمر من تلقاء نفسه، ولم يكن فيه مبتدعاً، ولم يأمر به إلا عن أصل لديه، وعهد من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ولقد سنَّ عمر هذا، وجمع الناس على أبيّ بن كعب فصلاها جماعة؛ والصحابة متوافرون من المهاجرين والأنصار وما رَدَّ عليه واحد منهم، بل ساعدوه ووافقوه، وأمروا بذلك^{(^[13])}.

([1]) المصباح المنير، قواعد الفقه 225، وفتح القدير، الكمال ابن الهمام 1/333، حاشية العدوي على كفاية الطالب الرباني 2/321.

([2]) قواعد الفقه 352، الدسوقي 1/315، والمجموع 4/30، المغني، ابن قدامة 2/165.

([3]) الاختيار لتعليل المختار 1/68، ورَدُّ المحتار على الدُّر المختار (حاشية ابن عابدين) 1/472، والعدوي على كفاية الطالب 1/352، 2/321، والإقناع في حل ألفاظ أبي شجاع، الشربيني الخطيب 1/107، والمجموع 4/31، مطالب أولي النهى في شرح غاية المنتهى 1/563.

([4]) أخرجه النسائي (4/158 ط. المكتبة التجارية) من حديث عبد الرحمن بن عوف، وأشار قبلها إلى إعلال هذه الرواية.

([5]) المعنى: لا يأمرهم به أمر تحتيم وإلزام وهو العزيمة، بل أمر ندب وترغيب فيه بذكر فضله. المجموع 4/31، والإقناع في حل ألفاظ أبي شجاع، الشربيني الخطيب 1/107، الترغيب والترهيب 2/90.

([6]) أخرجه البخاري (الفتح 4/250)، ومسلم (1/523 ط. الحلبي).

([7]) فتح القدير، الكمال ابن الهمام 1/333، والإقناع في حل ألفاظ أبي شجاع، الشربيني الخطيب 1/107، ونهاية المحتاج، الرملي 2/121، المغني، ابن قدامة 2/166، الترغيب والترهيب 2/105، نيل الأوطار 3/5.

([8]) أخرجه البخاري (2012)، ومسلم (1/524 ط. الحلبي).

([9]) أخرجه أبو داود (2/105 ط. عزت عبيد دعاس)، والترمذي (3/160 ط. الحلبي)، وقال: حديث حسن صحيح.

([10]) أخرجه النسائي (3/203 ط. المكتبة التجارية) والحاكم في المستدرك (1/440 ط. دائرة المعارف العثمانية) وحسنه الذهبي.

([11]) أخرجه البخاري (الفتح 4/250).

([12]) من معاني الخرص: الكذب، وكل قول بالظن، يقال: تخرص عليه إذا افترى، واخترص إذا اختلق. (القاموس المحيط).

([13]) فتح القدير، الكمال ابن الهمام 1/333، والاختيار لتعليل المختار 1/68 - 69، المغني، ابن قدامة 2/166، المنتقى 1/207.