A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 390
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 113
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 280
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 145
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 223
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 344
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 281
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 288
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 313
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 94
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 107
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 140
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1290
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$MPublicationsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MPublications.php
Line Number: 33
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MPublications.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MPublications.php
Line Number: 86
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MPublications.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$MPublications is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Publications::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MPublicationsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MPublications is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Publications.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
موقع الدكتور الشيخ علاء الدين الزعتري | يتيم لا أب له
يتيم لا أب له
014 يتيم لا أب له([1] ) :
عن زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَتْ حَلِيمَةُ قَدِمَ مَعَهَا زَوْجُهَا وَابْنٌ لَهَا صَغِيرٌ تُرْضِعُهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَأَتَانٌ قَمْرَاءُ وَشَارِفٌ لَهُمْ عَجْفَاءُ قَدْ مَاتَ سَقْبُهَا (السقب: ولد الناقة) مِنَ الْعَجَفِ (العَجَف: ذَهاب السِّمَن) لَيْسَ فِي ضِرْعِ أُمِّهِ قَطْرَةُ لَبَنٍ.
فَقَالُوا: نُصِيبُ وَلَدًا نُرْضِعُهُ.
وَمَعَهَا نِسْوَةٌ سَعْدِيَّاتٌ.
فَقَدِمْنَ فَأَقَمْنَ أَيَّامًا.
فَأَخَذْنَ وَلَمْ تَأْخُذْ حَلِيمَةُ.
وَيُعْرَضُ عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ:يَتِيمٌ لا أَبَ لَهُ.
حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ ذَلِكَ أَخَذَتْهُ
وَخَرَجَ صَوَاحِبُهَا قَبْلَهَا بِيَوْمٍ.
فَقَالَتْ آمِنَةُ:يَا حَلِيمَةُ اعْلَمِي أَنَّكِ قَدْ أَخَذْتِ مَوْلُودًا لَهُ شَأْنٌ.
وَاللَّهِ لَحَمَلْتُهُ فَمَا كُنْتُ أَجِدُ مَا تَجِدُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الْحَمْلِ.
وَلَقَدْ أُتِيتُ فَقِيلَ لِي:إِنَّكِ سَتَلِدِينَ غُلامًا فَسَمِّيهِ أَحْمَدَ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْعَالَمِينَ.
وَلَوَقَعَ مُعْتَمِدًا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ رَافِعًا رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ.
قَالَ:فَخَرَجَتْ حَلِيمَةُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ.
فَسُّرَ بِذَلِكَ.
وَخَرَجُوا عَلَى أَتَانِهِمْ مُنْطَلِقَةً.
وَعَلَى شَارِفِهِمْ قَدْ دَرَّتْ بِاللَّبِنِ.
فَكَانُوا يَحْلِبُونَ مِنْهَا غَبُوقًا (الغَبوق.شُرب العَشِيّ) وَصَبُوحًا.
فَطَلَعَتْ عَلَى صَوَاحِبِهَا.
فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهَا قُلْنَ:مَنْ أَخَذْتِ؟
فَأَخْبَرَتْهُنَّ.
فَقُلْنَ:وَاللَّهِ إِنَّا لَنَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ مُبَارَكًا.
قَالَتْ حَلِيمَةُ:قَدْ رَأَيْنَا بَرَكَتَهُ.
كُنْتُ لا أَرْوِي ابْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَلا يَدَعُنَا نَنَامُ مِنَ الْغَرَثِ (الجوع).
فَهُوَ وَأَخُوهُ يَرْوَيَانِ مَا أَحَبَّا وَيَنَامَانِ وَلَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُمَا ثَالِثٌ لَرَوِيَ.
وَلَقَدْ أَمَرَتْنِي أُمُّهُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَ عَنْهُ.
فَرَجَعَتْ بِهِ إِلَى بِلادِهَا.
فَأَقَامَتْ بِهِ حَتَّى قَامَتْ سُوقُ عُكَاظٍ.
فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ بِهِ إِلَى عَرَّافٍ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ يُرِيهُ النَّاسُ صِبْيَانَهُمْ.
فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ صَاحَ:يَا مَعْشَرَ هُذَيْلٍ! يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ! فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَوْسِمِ.فَقَالَ:اقْتُلُوا هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ! وَانْسَلَّتْ بِهِ حَلِيمَةُ.
فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ:أَيَّ صَبِيٍّ؟ فَيَقُولُ:هَذَا الصَّبِيُّ! وَلا يَرَوْنَ شَيْئًا قَدِ انْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ.
فَيُقَالُ لَهُ:مَا هُوَ؟
قَالَ:رَأَيْتُ غُلامًا.
وَآلِهَتِهِ لَيُكَسِّرَنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ.وَلَيَظْهَرَنَّ أَمْرُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ.
فَطُلِبَ بِعُكَاظٍ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ.
وَرَجَعَتْ بِهِ حَلِيمَةُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهَا.
فَكَانَتْ بَعْدُ لا تَعْرِضُهُ لِعَرَّافٍ وَلا لأَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ.
رعاية اليتيم في ضوء القرآن..وتحصينه من الانحرافات
لقد اهتم القرآن الكريم بإصلاح النفس لأن بها يقوم كل شيء، ومن خلالها يتجسد الخير كله تجسدا كليا في كل مجالات الحياة
"فصلاح النفس هو صلاح الفرد،
وصلاح الفرد هو صلاح المجتمع،
فصلاح النفس هو الهدف المحوري للتشريعات السماوية، والعلاقة بين الفرد، والمجتمع علاقة تأثير وتأثر، تفعيل وانفعال؛
فكان مبدأ رعاية النفس والحفاظ على توازنها أول الأهداف وأهمها وانطلاقا من هذه القاعدة نتساءل:
كيف راعى القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية اليتيم في نفسه؟
وكيف كان الخطاب لوليه في إصلاح شؤون اليتيم؟
وما أثر الرعاية النفسية لليتيم في بناء ذاته، ومجتمعه؟
نفس اليتيم ضعيفة تحتاج إلى رعاية خاصة ودائمة، وسهر متواصل على تربيتها تربية كاملة، بحيث لا يمكنها أن تعاني فيما بعد شيئا من النقص النفسي، أو الشذوذ الاجتماعي؛
إن من أوائل ما نزل من القرآن قوله تعالى:{كَلَّا بَل لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَى طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ}
ولو أمعنا النظر في الآية الكريمة لاستخلصنا أن الإكرام هو المظلة التي تحمي باقي القواعد (عدم القهر، عدم الدع، الإطعام، حفظ المال) من أن ينتقص منها، أو يحملها على غير محملها.
مع أن الكرامة حق لكل إنسان، وليست حكرا على قوي وغني، أو سلطان، وكل من يمتهن غيره لضعف أو صغر يكون من المكذبين بالدين.
الإكرام في القول وفي السلوك، وفي رعاية حقوقهم بما يرضي الله وأدائها إليهم بإحسان عندما يبلغون أشدهم.
وجاءت السنة تقوية لجانب اليتيم، ببيان الجزاء الأوفى للولي؛ الذي تكون ولايته له على خير وجه، وهذا الجزاء يكون له الأثر على نفسه، وعلى أولاده ومحيطه.
فعن سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ:"أَنَا وَكَافِلُ الْيَتِيمِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ هَكَذَا وَقَالَ بِإِصْبَعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى".
والكفالة جامعة للكفالة الذاتية والكفالة المادية، بالحفاظ على أمواله، وحسن استثمارها، وتنميتها.
ويتعدى الإكرام إلى المأوى؛ بأن يأوي اليتيم إلى أسرة تحميه من كل ما يؤذيه نفسيا، أو جسديا؛ وهذا ما كان للنبي.
قال الله تعالى:{أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَآوَى}.
وإن كان الخطاب موجها للنبي، إلا أن حكمه عام يشمل كل المسلمين.
فالإيواء يحمي اليتيم من التشرد، والانحراف.
فإكرام اليتيم وإيواؤه يضمن له جانبين:
جانبا ماديا:بضمه إلى كنف عائلة ترعاه، وتحميه من قسوة المجتمع وجوره.
وجانبا نفسيا:بالإحسان إليه، ومخاطبته بألطف الكلام، ومعاملته بأسمى المعاملات.
وكجاءت دعوة القرآن إلى الإحسان لليتيم؛ ذلك لأن الإحسان من أعلى مراتب الإيمان؛ إذ أن المحسن لليتيم يتعبد الله تعالى، ويراه في كل تصرفاته صغيرها وكبيرها.
جاءت السنة النبوية تعطي لهذا الولي الأمين المكانة العالية، والجزاء الأوفى، عن أبي أمامة أن رسول الله قال:"مَنْ مَسَحَ رَأْسَ يَتِيمٍ لَمْ يَمْسَحْهُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مَرَّتْ عَلَيْهَا يَدُهُ حَسَنَاتٌ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَى يَتِيمَةٍ أَوْ يَتِيمٍ عِنْدَهُ كُنْتُ أَنَا وَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ كَهَاتَيْنِ وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى".
ويتعدى الإكرام إلى عدم قهر اليتيم؛ لما يجره عليه من نتائج وخيمة على نفسه، ومجتمعه.
لذا نهى الله عن قهر اليتيم فقال:{فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ}
فالخطاب في الآية الكريمة موجه للنبي مذكرا له تعالى أيام يتمه، ومبرزا نعمته عليه.
ومما سبق نخلص إلى أن:
1 .اليتيم ذات إنسانية وجب تقديرها واحترامها بنصوص القرآن والسنة النبوية الشريفة.
2 .القرآن يوجب إيواء اليتيم تحت عائلة تعطف عليه وتحميه، يشعره بالأمان.
3 .ويوجب التعامل مع اليتيم على أساس الأخوة؛ لتكوين علاقة بينه وبين وليه، وأفراد المجتمع؛ تهدم من خلالها كل أنواع التسلط، والقهر، والزجر، ويجنب ذلك اليتيم كل الأمراض النفسية، وحمايته من اللجوء للانتحار.
4 .ويوجب إشراك اليتيم في مسائل الحياة، وإدماجه في المجتمع؛ تهيئة له لحمل المسؤولية؛ وذلك بحسن معاملة الولي معه، وكل هذا لا يمكن أن يكون إلا إذا كان الولي رحيما، عادلا، رحب الصدر، حكيما في توجيهه لليتيم، فيكون بذلك القدوة له، ويكون اليتيم بعد ذلك خير قدوة لأولاده وأفراد مجتمعه.
الطبقات الكبرى، ابن سعد، 1/120 وما بعدها.
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