A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 390
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 113
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 280
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 145
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 223
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 344
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 281
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 288
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 313
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 94
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 107
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 140
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1290
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 5
Function: __construct
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 37
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 98
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 7
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 8
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 9
Function: model
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
Line: 75
Function: view
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
موقع الدكتور الشيخ علاء الدين الزعتري | اشتراط المسوغ الشرعي عند إرادة تعدد الزوجات
اشتراط المسوغ الشرعي عند إرادة تعدد الزوجات
966 اشتراط المسوغ الشرعي عند إرادة تعدد الزوجات 27 6 1443 30 1 2021
المادة 17 - للقاضي أن لا يأذن للمتزوج بأن يتزوج على امرأته إلا إذا كان لديه مسوغ شرعي، وكان الزوج قادراً على نفقتهما.
إن إصدار قانونٍ يطلب من الزوج أن يكون لديه مسوغ وقدرة على النفقة عند إرادته التعدد هو نوع من التّنظيم الإداريّ لتحصيلِ مصالح للمجتمع، ودرءِ مفاسد عنه.
وهذا النص القانوني لا يُحرِّم ما أحلّ الله، بل هو تقييدٌ للمباح، وللحاكم أن يمنع المباح أو يقيده لمصلحة معتبرة( [1] ) .
ولقد ورد تشريع تعدد الزوجات في القرآن الكريم، وبالتحديد في آيتين من سورة النساء وهما:
قوله تعالى: {فَانكِحُواْ مَا طَابَ لَكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاء مَثْنَى وَثُلاَثَ وَرُبَاعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلاَّ تَعْدِلُواْ فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَلاَّ تَعُولُواْ} [النساء: 3].
وقوله تعالى: {وَلَن تَسْتَطِيعُواْ أَن تَعْدِلُواْ بَيْنَ النِّسَاء وَلَوْ حَرَصْتُمْ فَلاَ تَمِيلُواْ كُلَّ الْمَيْلِ فَتَذَرُوهَا كَالْمُعَلَّقَةِ وَإِن تُصْلِحُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا} [النساء: 129]
وتفيد الآيتان الأحكام التالية:
1- إباحة تعدد الزوجات حتى أربع كحد أعلى.
2- أن التعدد مشروط بالعدل بين الزوجات، ومن لم يكن متأكداً من قدرته على تحقيق العدل بين زوجاته؛ فإنه لا يجوز له أن يتزوج بأكثر من واحدة.
3- العدل المشروط في الآية الأولى هو العدل المادي في المسكن والمأكل والمشرب والملبس والمبيت والمعاملة.
4- تضمنت الآية الأولى شرطاً ثالثاً هو القدرة على الإنفاق، كما يظهر في تفسير قوله تعالى: {ألا تعولوا} أي لا تكثر عيالكم فتصبحوا غير قادرين على تأمين النفقة لهم.
5- تفيد الآية الثانية أن العدل في الحب والميل القلبي بين النساء غير مستطاع، وأنه يجب على الزوج ألا ينصرف كلية عن زوجته فيذرها كالمعلقة، فلا هي ذات زوج ولا هي مطلقة، بل عليه أن يعاملها بالحسنى حتى يكسب مودتها، وأن الله لا يؤاخذه على بعض الميل إلا إذا أفرط في الجفاء، ومال كل الميل عن الزوجة الأولى( [2] ) .
وقد أكد رسول الله r وشدد على موضوع العدل بين الزوجات ووضح r عقاب الزوج الذي يقصر في حق من حقوق زوجاته فقال: "إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَانِ فَلَمْ يَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمَا جَاءَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ وَشِقُّهُ سَاقِطٌ"( [3] ) .
([1]) مسألة طاعة ولي الأمر إن أمر بمباح أو نهى عنه، وهل يأثم المسلم إذا لم يمتثل لتنظيمات الدولة مثل النهي عن الصيد في أماكن معينة، أو زمان محدد ونحو ذلك. وقد اختلف أهل العلم على أقوال: الأول: أن ولي الأمر إذا أمر بمباح فإنه يصير واجباً، وإذا نهى عن مباح فإنه يصير محرماً. وهو ما قد يفهم من إطلاقات العلماء في معرض كتب العقائد في معرض ذكرهم لوجوب السمع والطاعة للأئمة، وفي شروح الأحاديث الآمرة بذلك، وأدلة ذلك عموم النصوص المتواترة الواردة في طاعة ولاة الأمر. الثاني: أن وجوب طاعة ولاة الأمر مشروط بما إذا كان الأمر بالمباح أو النهي عن المباح لمصلحة المسلمين، لا لمصلحة شخصية، أو لهوى بعض المتنفذين، وهو ما يفهم من كلام الإمام محمد بن جرير الطبري، فقد قال: (لا طاعة تجب لأحد فيما أمر ونهى فيما لم تقم حجة وجوبه؛ إلا للأئمة الذين ألزم الله عباده طاعتهم فيما أمروا به رعيتهم، مما هو مصلحة لعامة الرعية؛ فإن على من أمروه بذلك طاعتهم، وكذلك في كل ما لم يكن لله معصية). الثالث: التفريق بين ولي الأمر العدل، وغير العدل، فالعدل تجب طاعته فيما لم يعلم أنه معصية، وغير العدل تجب طاعته فيما علم أنه طاعة. الرابع: أن المباح لا يصير واجباً بأمر ولي الأمر به، ولا يصير محرماً لنهي ولي الأمر عنه؛ لأنه لا يجوز لأحد أن يحرم ما حلله الله تعالى، ولا يحلل ما حرمه الله، وقد ذكر هذا القول الآلوسي. وقد ذكر الدكتور فتحي الدريني صوراً من تقييد المباح عمل بها عمر رضي الله عنه في خلافته بصفته ولياًّ لأمر المسلمين فمن ذلك: 1. موقف عمر رضي الله عنه من الاحتكار، وإلزام المحتكر بالبيع، فإن رفض فإن الدولة تبيع الطعام الذي احتكره. 2. ومنعه من التزوج من الكتابيات. 3. ومنعه المهاجرين من مغادرة المدينة دون إذن. 4. ومنعه أكل اللحم يومين متتاليين. وذكر الفقهاء بعض الأحكام التي يمكن أن تكون من قبيل تقييد المباح، فمن ذلك: 1. التسعير الجبري. 2. فرض الضرائب على الأغنياء لسد حاجة الدولة. 3. تقييد حق التملك للمصلحة العامة. 4. نزع الملكية لمصلحة المسلمين. 5. الحجر على المفتي الماجن، والطبيب الجاهل.
([2]) المرأة بين الفقه والقانون، مصطفى السباعي، بيروت 1982 ص97-98.
([3]) سنن الترمذي، ـ2/304، وسنن أبي داود، ـ1/333. "وشقه ساقط" أي: نصفه مائل.
عدد القراء : 1229