A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 390
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 113
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 280
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 145
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 223
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 344
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 281
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 288
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 313
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 94
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 107
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 140
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1290
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 37
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 98
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 0
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
موقع الدكتور الشيخ علاء الدين الزعتري | حساب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع
حساب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع
495 حساب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع 29 2 1442 16 10 2020
الباب الرابع: الـــزكـــاة
الفصل الثاني: الأصناف التي تجب فيها الزكاة وأنصبتها ومقادير الزكاة في كل منها
المبحث الأول: زكاة الذهب والفضة والعملات المعدنية والورقية .
المبحث الثاني: زكاة عروض التجارة.
المبحث الثالث: زكاة الزروع والثمار.
المبحث الرابع: زكاة الحيوان.
المبحث الخامس: زكاة المستخرج من البحار.
المبحث السادس: زكاة المسائل المستجدة:
زكاة المشروعات الصناعية.
زكاة الأصول الثابتة.
زكاة الأراضي.
زكاة المواد الخام الداخلة في الصناعة والمواد المساعدة.
زكاة السلع المصنعة والسلع غير المنتهية الصنع.
زكاة السَّلَم.
زكاة الاستصناع.
زكاة العقارات والأراضي المأجورة غير الزراعية.
زكاة أجور العقار.
زكاة مكافأة نهاية الخدمة والراتب التقاعدي.
زكاة التأمين النقدي.
زكاة أسهم الشركات.
كيف تقدر زكاة الأسهم؟
حساب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع؟
السؤال: كيف تحسب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع؟.
الجواب([1] : حساب الزكاة في أموال الشركات والمؤسسات والمتاجر والمصانع هي كالآتي:
أولاً: لا زكاة في قيمة الأصول الثابتة (المواد غير المعدة للبيع) كالمباني التي تمارس الشركة فيها أعمالها، والأثاث، والرفوف، والمكاتب المعدة للعمل، لا للبيع، وكذلك السيارات المعدة للعمل.
ثانياً: تُزَكَّى الأصول المتداولة الموجودة يوم الجرد السنوي وهي ثلاثة أصناف:
1 - النقود الورقية، وسائر العملات، والذهب والفضة [والأسهم والصكوك].
2 - الديون المستَحَقَّة للشركة قِبَل الآخرين أياً كانوا إن كانت مرجوة السداد، أما غير المرجوة السداد فيجب تزكيتها عند قبضها وحولان الحول، وتزكى حينئذ لسنة واحدة؛ ولو أقامت عند المدين سنين، والديون غير المرجوة السداد هي ما كانت على معسر، أو على منكر، ولا بينة بها، ومنها تأمينات الكهرباء، والماء، والهاتف.
3 - البضائع التي اشترتها الشركة بغرض المتاجرة بها أي لبيعها، واكتساب فرق الثمن من مواد غذائية، أو مواد صناعية، أو أدوية، أو أراض، أو عقارات، أو أسهم، أو أي مواد أخرى، وتقدر البضائع المذكورة بسعرها التجاري (أي السعر المتعارف بين التجار) في مكانها يوم حولان الحول، سواء أكان أقل من سعر التكلفة، أم أكثر، وإن كانت الشركة قد أدخلت بجهودها على المادة المشتراة صنعةً ذاتَ قيمةٍ فالزكاة على المادة الخام فقط، أي على الحال التي اشتريت عليها.
ثالثاً: يُخْصَمُ من مجموع الموجودات الزكوية المذكورة ما في ذمة الشركة من الحقوق؛ كأثمانٍ لبضائعَ لم يتم دفعُها، وحقوقٍ للموظفين، أو أرباحٍ مرصودة للمساهمين لم تُسَلَّم، أو ثمن كهرباء، أو ماء، أو خدمات بريدية، أو هاتفية مستحقة، أو أي ذمم دائنة أخرى - لم تُدْفَع بعد -.
رابعاً: تُسْتَحَقُ الزكاة في الصافي من ذلك بنسبة (2.5 %) إن كانت الشركة تُخْرِج الزكاة بحسب السنة القمرية؛ وهي السنة المعتبرة شرعاً للزكاة، فإنْ شَقَّ عَمْلُ جَرْدٍ في نهاية كل سنة قمرية، وكانت الشركة تُمْسِكُ حسابات على أساس السنة الشمسية، فيجوز تيسيراً على الناس أن تكتفي بالجرد السنوي المعتاد، وتضيف عليه نسبة الأيام التي تزيدها السنة الشمسية على السنة القمرية، فتكون النسبة هي (2.557 %) بدلاً من (2.5 %)
خامساً: يجوز أن يتضمن عقد إنشاء الشركة بنداً ينص على أن الشركة تخرج الزكاة عما لديها من الأموال، وحينئذ يحق لإدارة الشركة إخراج الزكاة نيابة عن المساهمين، أما إذا لم يَنُصَّ عقد إنشاء الشركة على ذلك، فيجوز للشركاء أن يوكلوا إدارة الشركة في إخراج الزكاة، فإن لم يوكلوها لم يكن لها أن تخرج الزكاة، وهذا في ظل الأمر القائم الآن من أن الدولة جعلت تحصيل بيت الزكاة (الموضع الذي تُجمع فيه الزكاة) للزكوات (للأموال التي وجبت فيها الزكاة) باختيار المزكين، أما لو أخذت الدولة بنظام التحصيل الإلزامي فيجوز حينئذ أخذ الزكاة للشركة ككل، ويعتبر مالها مالاً واحداً؛ قياساً على نظام الخلطة في زكاة الماشية، وأما في ظل الوضع الحاضر فإن كل مُزَكٍ يُخْرِج عن نفسه، أو يوكل مَن يخرج عنه الزكاة، ويَضُم إلى حصته من الموجودات الزكوية من الشركة ما سوى ذلك من أمواله الزكوية، ويُسْقِط ما عليها من الديون، ويزكى الباقي إن كان أكثر من نصاب.
عدد القراء : 1192
