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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: core/Controller.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
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Filename: core/Controller.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$load is deprecated
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$db is deprecated
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Filename: database/DB_driver.php
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Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
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Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 140
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1290
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 37
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Optional parameter $num declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
Line Number: 98
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Optional parameter $offset declared before required parameter $category_id is implicitly treated as a required parameter
Filename: models/MLessons.php
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property Lessons::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
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File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
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Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessons is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MLessonsCategories is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
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Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$MSettings is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/application/controllers/Lessons.php
File: /home/alzatari/public_html/index.php
موقع الدكتور الشيخ علاء الدين الزعتري | أحمد بن حنبل الشيباني
أحمد بن حنبل الشيباني
007 الدرس السابع لمجموعات الفتوى
رابعاً ــ أحمد بن حنبل الشيباني (164-241هـ) مؤسس المذهب الحنبلي:
الإمام أبو عبد الله، أحمد بن حنبل بن هلال بن أسد الذُّهلي الشيباني، ولد ببغداد، ونشأ بها، وتوفي فيها في ربيع الأول، وكانت له رحلات إلى مدائن العلم، كالكوفة والبصرة ومكة والمدينة واليمن والشام والجزيرة. تفقه على الشافعي حين قدم بغداد، ثم أصبح مجتهداً مستقلاً، وتجاوز عدد شيوخه المئة، وأكبَّ على السُّنة يجمعها ويحفظها، حتى صار إمام المحدثين في عصره، بفضل شيخه: هشيم بن بشير بن أبي خازم البخاري الأصل (104-183هـ).
كان إماماً في الحديث والسنة والفقه، قال عنه إبراهيم الحَرْبي: (رأيت أحمد، كأن الله قد جمع له علم الأولين والآخرين)، وقال عنه الشافعي حين ارتحل إلى مصر: (خرجت من بغداد، وماخلَّفت بها أتقى ولاأفقه من ابن حنبل).
وقد امتُحِن أحمد بالضرب والحبس في فتنة خلق القرآن في زمن المأمون والمعتصم والواثق، فصبر صبر الأنبياء، قال عنه ابن المديني: (إن الله أعز الإسلام برجلين: أبي بكر يوم الردة، وابن حنبل يوم المحنة)، وقال عنه بشر الحافي: (إن أحمد قام مقام الأنبياء).
وأصول مذهبه في الاجتهاد قريبة من أصول الشافعي؛ لأنه تفقه عليه، فهو يأخذ بالقرآن والسنة وفتوى الصحابي والإجماع والقياس، والاستصحاب، والمصالح المرسلة، والذرائع.
لم يؤلف الإمام أحمد في الفقه كتاباً، وإنما أخذ أصحابه مذهبه من أقواله وأفعاله وأجوبته وغير ذلك، وله كتاب (المسند) في الحديث، حوى نيفاً وأربعين ألف حديث، وكان ذا حافظة قوية جداً، ويعمل بالحديث المرسل (وهو ما رواه غير الصحابي مسقطاً منه أحد الرواة) وبالحديث الضعيف الذي يرتفع إلى درجة الحديث الحسن، لا الباطل ولا المنكر، مرجحاً العمل بالمرسل أو الضعيف على القياس.
وكان من أشهر تلامذته الذين نشروا علمه الآتي ذكرهم:
1ً - صالح بن أحمد بن حنبل المتوفى سنة (266هـ): وهو أكبر أولاد الإمام أحمد، تلقى الفقه والحديث عن أبيه، وعن غيره من معاصريه، قال فيه أبو بكر الخلال راوي الفقه الحنبلي: (سمع من أبيه مسائل كثيرة، وكان الناس يكتبون إليه من خراسان، يسأل لهم ـ أي أباه ـ عن المسائل).
2ً - عبد الله بن أحمد بن حنبل(213-290هـ): اشتغل برواية الحديث عن أبيه. أما أخوه صالح فقد عني بنقل فقه أبيه ومسائله.
3ً - الأثرم، أبو بكر، أحمد بن محمد بن هانئ الخراساني البغدادي (المتوفى سنة 273هـ) روى عن أحمد مسائل في الفقه، وروى عنه حديثاً كثيراً، له كتاب (السنن في الفقه) على مذهب أحمد وشواهده من الحديث، كان من الفقهاء الحفاظ الأعلام.
4ً - عبد الملك بن عبد الحميد بن مهران الميموني (المتوفى سنة 274هـ) صحب أحمد أكثر من عشرين سنة، وكان جليل القدر في أصحاب أحمد، وكان أبو بكر الخلال معجباً بنقله عن أحمد أشد الإعجاب.
5ً - أحمد بن محمد بن الحجاج، أبو بكر المرّوذي (المتوفى عام 274هـ) كان أخص أصحاب أحمد به، وأقربهم إليه، وإماماً في الفقه والحديث، كثير التصانيف. وإذا أطلق الحنابلة كلمة (أبو بكر) يراد به المرّوذي.
6ً - حرب بن إسماعيل الحنظلي الكرماني (المتوفى سنة 280هـ) أخذ عن أحمد فقهاً كثيراً، وكان المروذي، مع عظيم صلته بأحمد،ينقل عنه ما كتب عن أحمد.
7ً - إبراهيم بن إسحاق الحربي، أبو إسحاق، (المتوفى عام 285هـ)، كان تبحره في الحديث أكثر من الفقه، وكان عالماً باللغة.
عدد القراء : 1695
